Have you ever wondered what happened to the 56 men
who signed the Declaration of Independence?
FIVE SIGNERS WERE CAPTURED BY THE BRITISH AS TRAITORS AND TORTURED BEFORE THEY DIED.
TWELVE HAD THEIR HOMES RANSACKED AND BURNED.
TWO LOST THEIR SONS SERVING IN THE REVOLUTIONARY ARMY, ANOTHER HAD TWO SONS CAPTURED.
NINE OF THE 56 FOUGHT AND DIED FROM WOUNDS OR HARDSHIPS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.
THEY SIGNED AND THEY PLEDGED THEIR LIVES, THEIR FORTUNES AND THEIR SACRED HONOR.
Died For Us All.
WHAT KIND OF MEN WERE THEY?
THE LAST SENTENCE OF THE DECLARATION INDICATES, THEY ANTICIPATED PAYING A SEVERE PRICE FOR THEIR FREEDOM — “… WITH A FIRM RELIANCE ON THE PROTECTION OF DIVINE PROVIDENCE, WE MUTUALLY PLEDGE TO EACH OTHER OUR LIVES, OUR FORTUNES AND OUR SACRED HONOR.”
Twenty-four were lawyers and jurists, eleven were merchants, nine were farmers and large plantation owners, Men of means, well educated, but they signed the Declaration of Independence knowing full well that the penalty would be death if they were captured.
Among the five New Jersey signers was
Abraham Clark, whose two sons were captured during the Revolutionary War. The township of Clark is named in his honor.
John Witherspoon lost his son to the war, and the library, which he donated to Princeton University, was burned.
Francis Hopkinson’s home in Bordentown was ransacked during the war.
Carter Braxton of Virginia, a wealthy planter and trader, saw his ships swept from the seas by the British Navy. He sold his home and properties to pay his debts, and died in rags.
Thomas McKean was so hounded by the British that he was forced to move his family almost constantly. He served in the Congress without pay, and his family was kept in hiding. His possessions were taken from him and poverty was his reward.
Vandals or soldiers looted the properties of
Ellery,
Hall,
Clymer,
Walton,
Gwinnett,
Heyward,
Ruttledge, and
Middleton.
At the battle of Yorktown,
Thomas Nelson, Jr., noted that the British General Cornwallis had taken over the Nelson home for his headquarters. He quietly urged General George Washington to open fire. The home was destroyed and Nelson died bankrupt.
Francis Lewis had his home and properties destroyed. The enemy jailed his wife, and she died within a few months.
John Hart was driven from his wife’s bedside as she was dying. Their 13 children fled for their lives. His fields and his gristmill were laid to waste. For more than a year he lived in forests and caves, returning home to find his wife dead and his children vanished.
Charles Carroll was born into a wealthy Roman Catholic family in Annapolis Maryland. He began his rather remarkable formal education at the age of 8, when he was packed off to France to attend a Jesuit College at St. Omer. In 1772 he anonymously engaged the secretary of the colony of Maryland in a series of Newspaper articles protesting the right of the British government to tax the colonies without representation. Carroll was an early advocate for armed resistance with the object of separation from Gr. Britain. He served in the Continental Congress, on the Board of War, through much of the War of Independence, and simultaneously participated in the framing of a constitution for Maryland. He was elected to the Maryland Senate in 1781, and to the first Federal Congress in 1788. He returned again to the State Senate in 1790 and served there for 10 years. He retired from that post in 1800.
Charles Carroll was the last surviving member of those who signed the Declaration. He died, the last survivor of the signers of the Declaration, in 1832 at the age of 95. He was thus the only Signer to see a steam locomotive.