I've been here for 30 years, and that's long before all the giant dairies moved in. And no, these dairies do not let the cows go outside and graze then come in to be milked. They live in giant cement floor sheds and walk a narrow cement floored hallway to the parlor and back. They never go outside. Time was farms were run by families who cared about the land and the animals, not these giant corporations that treat man, land, and beast as commodities for their pockets. I've lived in farm country all my life and I have no problem with trucks parked on the road during harvest, combines blocking corners, chaff on the wind when the wheat is taken off, the racket when all the fields are getting tilled tall hours of the night, or with honest, aged manure, properly handled. It's all changed for the worse, and very quickly in the last ten years. This stuff they're pouring on the fields is a toxic soup and contains all the drugs these poor animals were fed. It's super concentrated and they routinely add more than the soil can absorb, so if we do get any rain it quickly washes out into the drains and creeks, sending the bacteria and drugs into the water system. Having 6,000 cows jammed into sheds that cover 10 acres isn't farming, it's industry. They've been busted numerous times for all the illegal immigrant labor they hire; they provide "housing" which consists of old mobile homes parked out back. I've seen it all first hand, as I used to have a job where I had reason to visit these places. A young boy is always stationed out front, and if an unknown truck pulls in he whistles and all the workers in the milk parlor take off running. Dead animals are usually lined up outside the shed, they lose several every day. They come through with front end loaders and scoop up the dead and pile them up and cover them with a bit of brush and call it composting. There's always a random hoof or tail sticking out, half rotted. It's truly horrifying to see what it has become when one remembers what a dairy farm was just 40 years ago.
It's ironically sad that we also have a lot of Amish here, with the quiet farms that they work by hand and with horses - but they earn a part of their living raising the calves for the dairies. They'll have a hundred or so of the tiny calf hutches all lined up by the barn, and cattle trucks regularly come and go, picking up heifers and dropping off more calves. The cows don't live very long, so there's a constant demand for replacements. Here's on of the dairies in the neighborhood. There's thousands of cows under those shed roofs. You can see they have alleyways to get to the parlor and back, the unlined dug pits of slurry, and the little mobile homes for the workers.
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